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Steven Chu, former Bell Labs researcher, wins 1997 Nobel in physics Steven Chu, former Bell Labs researcher, wins 1997 Nobel in physics: Using lasers to trap and cool molecules for study. Nobel Prize for Chu, Phillips, and Cohen-Tannoudji. (Absolute Zero) http://www.bell-labs.com/user/feature/archives/chu/ Cornell and Wieman Share 2001 Nobel Prize in Physics Cornell and Wieman Share 2001 Nobel Prize in Physics: Press releases from the National Institute of Standards and Technology and explanations of the work on Bose-Einstein condensates which won the Nobel Prize. (Absolute Zero) http://www.nist.gov/public_affairs/releases/n01-04.htm Below Absolute Zero -- What Does Negative Temperature Mean? Below Absolute Zero -- What Does Negative Temperature Mean?: Can you really make a system which has a temperature below absolute zero? From the Usenet Physics FAQ. (Absolute Zero) http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/physics/ParticleAndNuclear/neg_temperature.html The Nobel Prize in Physics 1997 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1997: This includes the press release of the Nobel Committee for the prize given to Steven Chu, Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, and William D. Phillips, for development of methods to cool and trap atoms with laser light. For those wanting more scientific details, be su (Absolute Zero) http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1997/index.html BEC (Bose-Einstein Condensation) Homepage BEC (Bose-Einstein Condensation) Homepage: "A new form of matter at the coldest temperatures in the universe." Simplified, surprisingly clear explanation. Includes cartoon illustrations. (Absolute Zero) http://www.colorado.edu/physics/2000/bec/index.html What is absolute zero? What is absolute zero?: An answer from the Lansing State Journal in Michigan, January 29, 1992. (Absolute Zero) http://www.pa.msu.edu/~sciencet/ask_st/012992.html NIST - Atomic Physics Division - Laser Cooling and Trapping Group NIST - Atomic Physics Division - Laser Cooling and Trapping Group: This department of the National Institute of Standards and Technology studies the physics of laser cooling, electromagnetic trapping, and other radiative manipulation of neutral atoms and dielectric particles. Home of 1997 Nobel Prize winner William D. (Absolute Zero) http://physics.nist.gov/Divisions/Div842/Gp4/group4.html USC Physics & Astronomy: Physics 151 Lab Manual USC Physics & Astronomy: Physics 151 Lab Manual: Click on: "Experiment X: Ideal Gas Law and the Absolute Zero of Temperature." Requires Adobe Acrobat Reader. The experiment uses liquid nitrogen. (Absolute Zero) http://physics.usc.edu/Undergraduate/Labs/151/manual/ Computer Simulation of laser cooling and trapping Computer Simulation of laser cooling and trapping: Download page for free copies of several "Cool Simulations." (Absolute Zero) http://webphysics.davidson.edu/alumni/jocowan/Cooldown.htm BEC: Bose Einstein Condensation of Sodium BEC: Bose Einstein Condensation of Sodium: A summary of the NIST project. (Absolute Zero) http://physics.nist.gov/Divisions/Div842/Gp4/bose.html Research groups involved in atom trapping and cooling Research groups involved in atom trapping and cooling: A detailed links list of about 50 research groups around the world, with an immense list of subject links, as well. From the Laser Physics Group at Umeå University, Sweden. (Absolute Zero) http://www.phys.umu.se/laser/links11.htm