The Republic of Equatorial Guinea is a nation in west central Africa, and one of the smallest countries in continental Africa. It borders Cameroon on the north, Gabon on the south and east, and the Gulf of Guinea on the west, where the islands of São Tomé and Príncipe lie to its southwest. Formerly the Spanish colony of Spanish Guinea, the country's territory (continentally known as Río Muni) includes a number of islands, including the sizable island of Bioko where the capital, Malabo (formerly Santa Isabel), is located. Its post-independence name is suggestive of its being situated near both the equator and the Gulf of Guinea. It is the only country in Africa where Spanish is an official language.
The Republic of Equatorial Guinea is located in west central Africa. Bioko Island lies about 40 kilometres (25 mi.) from Cameroon. Annobón Island lies about 595 kilometres (370 mi.) southwest of Bioko Island. The larger continental region of Rio Muni lies between Cameroon and Gabon on the mainland; it includes the islands of Corisco, Elobey Grande, Elobey Chico, and adjacent islets.
Equatoguinean culture on the mainland is heavily entrenched in ancient rituals and songs. This is especially true for the Fang while on the capital island of Bioko has largely been influenced by Spanish customs and traditions during the colonial period. During the colonial period education and health services was developed in the country. However, many Bubi farmers still hold to their ancient customs. One of the countries most famous celebrations is the abira which is believed to cleanse the community of evil. The balélé dance is performed along the coast throughout the year and on Bioko around Christmas. Most people in the country are nominally Christian while predominantly practice a combination of Roman Catholicism and pagan practices. Spanish and French are the official languages of the country while pidgin English, Fang, Bubi, Ibo are also common.
Things you should know when travelling to Equatorial Guinea
Although Malabo is among the safest African towns, petty crime and corruption occur. Armed robberies and muggings of foreigners have increased recently in Malabo. Incidents of rape and violent attacks have been reported in Bata; however, these types of attacks do not seem to be directed at foreigners. Do not show signs of affluence. Exercise normal safety precautions and ensure personal belongings, passports and other travel documents are secure at all times. You should avoid walking alone after dark and avoid groups of young men who may congregate near bars and restaurants. Prostitutes may be underage. They may also work as part of robbery rings. You should not pick up hitchhikers.
Police and military checks and roadblocks are common. You should request a citation, to be paid at the local court, if stopped for a small traffic violation. When travelling outside of Bata and Malabo, we recommend that you carry an official letter of invitation or, at minimum, a recognized travel document. Regardless of where you travel within the country, you should always carry proper identification. Failure to do so may result in detention by the local authorities. If stopped, you should cooperate with local authorities. A security permit issued by the government is required to visit Pico Basile, Moka, and Ureca on the island of Bioko.
